Overviewing Drought and Heat Stress Amelioration—From Plant Responses to Microbe-Mediated Mitigation

Microbes (e.g., plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and endophytes) are the natural inhabitants of soil-plant-environment ecosystem having potential to ameliorate negative effects environmental extremities. Plant-microbe interactions integral events agricultural ecosystems which must be studied in order modulate systemic mechanisms field crops. Under changing climatic scenarios, drought heat stresses tend induce numerous physiological, morphological, metabolic biochemical alterations crop plants, while microbes hold mitigate these adverse impacts a sustainable way. However, plant-microbe interaction remain understudied owing their complexities rhizosphere within cellular systems plants. In this review, we have attempted summarize microbes’ with plants that influence hormonal nutrients balance, biosynthesis metabolites phytohormones, etc. particular, focus has been kept on underlying related confer abiotic stress tolerance. Moreover, various responses subjected water scarcity elevated temperatures synthesized objectively. Lastly, from perspective application as biofertilizers, both challenges future research needs develop microbe-mediated tolerance biologically potent strategy strategically pointed out.